Chicago’s desegregation failure

20 years after signing a desegregation consent decree, whites and blacks in Chicago Public Schools are just as segregated as before. And it’s not for lack of trying: magnet school admissions are tilted in favor of whites and against blacks. Rather, continued white flight and other demographic changes have changed the city in the meantime.

Chicago politics is disappearing

Voter turnout in Chicago municipal elections declined 58% from 1987 to 2003, from 1.1 million votes to 462,605. Votes for Black candidates dropped from 591,881 to 99,554, or 83%.
Two ideas for improving turnout: (a) move elections from midwinter. Weekend elections elsewhere work well, but in any case February has the worst of Chicago’s weather. (b) Instead of 50 racially gerrymandered single-member wards, try a less parochial system: say, 10 compact (measured by perimeter/area), four-member districts. Geographically diffuse minorities would get more representation, the tyranny of local majorities would be reduced, and individual aldermen’s power over local decisions would be weakened — possibly resulting in more equitably distributed services (as city staff take control) and reducing corruption.

Social ideology of the motorcar

[Can’t find this document on the web anymore, so I might as well host it.]

I earlier referenced the concept of cars as “privative goods”; this article was the source. BTW, the Ivan Illich analysis [that, considering the time spent working to feed one’s car, a car averages only a few miles per hour] is a bit out of date: wages have risen, but the cost of car ownership has fallen in real terms. Thus, cars are a bit faster these days — but still, on balance, probably slower than bicycles.

It is nonetheless true that household transportation expenses *as a
percentage of household outlays* are much higher now than they were before
the automobile. Transportation costs were negligible in household budgets
circa 1900, but took a quarter of household budgets circa 2000 — a very
high cost for the added mobility, especially when one considers that net
accessibility has not increased — people may be traveling faster and
further, but they’re not really getting anywhere new (e.g., they’re just
going to work, school, church, shops, baseball games; it’s not like they’re
experiencing vastly different new landscapes on road trips every single
weekend).
Continue reading

Gripe and praise

Quick gripe: spent too much of today hearing platitudes about gentrification, my own poster child of how the complexity of urban social, political, legal, and economic systems is manifested in sometimes random ways. Argh.

and I think I’ve written this earlier, but it bears repeating: fellow CTA commuters, you make for an attractive crowd! Surely far better than the car-bound, and probably better than those on the sidewalks.

gentrification whining

archive of CCM list post chicagocriticalmass : Message: Re: [*CCM*] ON TOPIC gentrification stuff

ehol wrote:
> To address gentrification without considering also the process of
> slumification is to look at only half the story.

And to whine and whine and whine about gentrification without realizing
that Chicago is actually *net* “slumifying.” Over the 1990s, Chicago –
relative to the suburbs – got poorer and more heavily non-White.

Sometimes I wonder whether the people who whine about gentrification ever
leave the North Side. “No room left in the city?” Ever seen West
Garfield Park? Lake Calumet? Englewood?

Without the gentrification that took place over the past 40 years, Chicago
would be another Detroit, St. Louis, Buffalo, or Cleveland – a bombed out
shell of a city, home only to the destitute, perpetually begging spare
change from economically dynamic suburbs. We wouldn’t even be having a
conversation about sustainable transportation, because we would be
completely resigned to the reality of transportation in suburban
America: driving. We wouldn’t bother bicycling, since the roads would be
impossibly potholed, no corner would be safe from stray gunfire, the
entire city would be nothing but vast stretches of vacant lots and
abandoned buildings slowly dripping masonry onto the streets
below. There’d be nowhere to bike, much less anywhere to bike to.

We can talk and talk and talk until we’re all blue in the face about how
gentrification is A Bad Thing in the abstract, but ANY considered
examination of the actual policy ramifications behind urban policy would
conclude that gentrification, while ugly, is the only way for cities to
keep their fiscal heads above water in a society and under federal and
state governments which have been virulently anti-urban in their
decisions.

Sure, I wish things were different. I wish, first of all, that good urban
neighborhoods weren’t a scarce resource available only to the highest
bidders. I wish that stratification, in all its forms (race, class,
whatever), weren’t nearly so prominent in our society. I wish that
carbon and energy were more realistically priced, to prevent their
profligate waste in transportation and building systems. I wish that
people were more willing to walk and bike around.

I don’t wish that gentrification would go away, I only wish it were
tamed. “Gentrification” is a nasty term for an immensely complex issue
that’s (as I said before) merely a microcosm of the overriding issue of
American political economy: how to give community needs a voice in the
cold logic of the market. As Joy Aruguete said in the article link Kerry
posted, “When the gentrification issue is framed for political purposes
and people don’t look at the complexity of it, that hurts everyone.” (The
author of the article, of course, chose to ignore that complexity, but I
digress.)